During the last 8 years, the use of selective soldering machines has increased within the production of PCBs (printed circuit boards) in Scandinavia. The reason is that they are suitable for production of small volumes of PCBs, now when a mass production is moving east.
In July 2006, an EU directive of using lead-free soldering materials was implemented. This is a challenge to the market and changed many of those parameters earlier used when soldering. Lead in the solders was forbidden and new alloys appeared on the market, mostly containing higher amount of silver. Higher temperature was needed for the soldering, which required new type of components. All these led to higher cost and a demand for improving the production, quality, and cost.
One of the solutions was to solder in an inert atmosphere to reduce the waste of solder and to get better soldering joints. The most economical inert gas is nitrogen, produced by a nitrogen generator.
The advantages given by nitrogen are
• much less dross, can go from 85 g/hr down to 1 g/hr
• shorter wetting time to half the time needed for wetting in air
• shorter time for temperatures over the melting point
• better wetting (appearance)
• fewer voids (inclusions of gas)
• no risk of bridges between solder joints
In the report “NoNE lead-free soldering guideline” from the Nordic Innovation Centre they say the following:
"This could lead to the conclusion that inert atmosphere gives the best overall economy for the process. Alloy economy aside, the stability of the process increases dramatically when using nitrogen."
Oxymat has had a close cooperation with HVL Industriteknik AB in Sweden during the past years. They have sold, among other things, nitrogen generators for this application with great success.
In Sweden, there have been more than 15 nitrogen generators sold to into this market. We have among others customers producing PCBs, cellular phones producers, defense industries and distributors of soldering machines recommend us. The purity of the nitrogen must be 99.5% or better with an average flow to a selective soldering machine of 2-3 Nm³/hr.